日本卫星导航定位系统“准天顶”(QZS)：9月11日，QZS-1由H-IIA F18于种子岛成功发射

日本的卫星导航定位系统：准天顶系统计划于明年发射第1颗卫星

2008-11-18   科技日报  记者陈超

    本报东京11月15日电 11月11日至14日，由日本航海学会、全球卫星导航系统研究会、日本航空宇宙研究会和东京海洋大学联合主办的“2008年GPS/GNSS（全球卫星导航系统）国际会议”在东京召开。来自30多个国家的400多位代表参加了此次会议，发表了200多篇精彩文章。而此次会议上引人瞩目的是有30多位华人发表文章，显示华人科学家在全球卫星导航领域正发挥越来越大的作用。

　　卫星定位系统作为国家的基础设施，同样也受到日本政府的高度重视。日本官房长官河村建夫在会议特别演讲中称，如果把日本现在开发中的准天顶卫星导航系统的卫星数量从3颗追加到6颗，再加上1颗静止卫星就能构成日本自主的区域卫星导航系统。会议组织者之一，东京海洋大学樊春明向记者介绍说，现代人们的生活越来越依赖GPS系统，这也是世界各国争相发展的领域之一。

　　目前美国的GPS和俄罗斯的GLONASS系统已经建成并应用，正在建设的系统包括中国的北斗系统、欧洲的伽利略系统、日本的准天顶系统。俄罗斯的GLONASS系统虽然卫星还没有全部发射到位，但作为系统建设已经基本完成。正在建设的3个系统中只有中国的北斗系统已经能够实时提供区域性定位功能。欧洲的伽利略系统有两颗试验卫星在天，还不能独立提供定位。日本的准天顶系统计划于明年发射第1颗卫星，在2015年完成整个计划的3卫星体制，提供完整的卫星导航辅助功能。基于准天顶卫星系统的区域导航系统的构思由来已久，真正的实施可能要到2015年以后。

准天顶还是GPS增强，严格意义上不算独立的导航系统吧

首星2010年发射

准确的说准天顶建成后应该是区域独立的导航系统吧。

gps增强系统

October 16, 2009 Updated

Nickname the first Quasi-Zenith Satellite

- a signpost in space to guide you -

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite (QZS) is a positioning satellite to provide highly accurate GPS functions for car navigation and movable phone services in areas congested with skyscrapers and mountainous regions in Japan. The first QZS (QZS-1) is scheduled to be launched in Japan Fiscal Year 2010. JAXA would like you to give a nickname to the QZS-1.

We will invite the godparent (if a multiple number of people give us the same name that is chosen as the QZS-1 nickname, we will hold a lottery to select one) to the Tanegasima Space Center to see off the departure of the QZS-1 to space.

We will accept a nickname by 5:00 p.m. on December 16, 2009.

晕

前有来敌,  后有追兵，北斗要加油啊：（

日本人可追得真紧啊！

2009年12月4日 更新

Quasi-Zenith Satellite: Completed the thermal vacuum test

On October 30, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite project team completed the thermal vacuum test on the satellite which began on Oct. 1 as scheduled.

The test checked the satellite functions by placing it in a harsher temperature environment than space.The solar array paddles were attached again after the test (Photo left.) After the thermal vacuum test, an alignment measurement was preformed to check whether the positions and angles of the onboard sensors and thrusters were changed due to the test. We confirmed that the positions and angles were the same as they were before the test (Photo right.)

We are now preparing for the mechanical environment test (vibration test, acoustic test, and pyro-shock test,) which will begin in early December to inspect the durability of the satellite during its launch by a launch vehicle.


Photo left: QZS-1 with the solar array paddles attached.(The paddles are stowed on the upper and lower sides of the satellite.)
Photo right: QZS-1 during the alignment measurement.(The stowed paddle is on the front side in this photo.) .

JAXA is now asking the public to name the first Quasi-Zenith Satellite (QZS-1.) We will present a small gift and a certificate to all “godparents” (if a multiple number of people give us the same name that is chosen as the QZS-1 nickname.) Among the godparents, we will hold a lottery to select a person and his/her partner to the Tanegashima Space Center to see off the launch of the QZS-1 to space. We will accept entries up to 5:00 p.m. on December 16 (Tue, Japan Standard Time.) Please give the satellite an appropriate nickname.

话说北斗这么长时间也没个消息，到底进展怎么样了，怎么连个动静都没有呀

日本准天顶卫星完成热真空试验  

新闻发布时间：2009-12-08


　　[据日本宇宙探索局2009年12月7日报道]  10月30日，“准天顶”卫星计划团队如期完成了从10月1日开始的卫星热真空试验。此次试验检验了卫星在严酷温度环境中的性能。热真空试验完成后还进行了一系列的测量，以检查星上传感器和推进器的位置和角度是否需要调整。下一步准备进行机械环境测试（振动试验、声学试验和爆震试验），该测试于12月初启动，将检验卫星在运载火箭发射时的耐受性。
　　
　　准天顶卫星系统（QZSS）使用多个具有相同轨道周期的卫星，像静地轨道卫星那样有一些轨道倾角。这些卫星被安置在多个轨道平面，这样有一颗卫星一直会出现在日本上空的天顶附近。该系统使得为日本近百分之百的区域提供高精度的卫星定位服务成为可能。通过准天顶系统的开发和部署，日本宇宙探索局（JAXA）准备增强日本的卫星定位技术，并为创建安全社会作出贡献。
　　
　　QZSS项目的阶段1，将用准天顶卫星（QZS-1）演示用于增强GPS可用性和性能及其应用的技术验证。在评估结束之后，项目进入阶段2，用三颗准天顶卫星演示全系统的能力。JAXA除了与相关的研究组织合作开发高精度定位实验系统、QZS总线系统和跟踪控制系统，还负责系统的集成。
　　
　　高精确度定位实验系统包括能产生和传输定位信号的星上仪器，以及负责估算时间和卫星轨道位置的地面跟踪站。该系统的目标是通过QZSS为相关用户提高GPS信号的可用性。此外，QZSS不仅设计用来传输位置信号，而且它们的修正信号和GPS可用性信息可以提高位置信号的精确性和可靠性。（中国航天工程咨询中心 谢慧敏 陈菲）  

责任编辑：中国航天工程咨询中心_谢慧敏

干重就有1800公斤
全重量超过北斗G2？

January 15, 2010 Updated

QZS-1 Vibration Test succesfully completed

We were very pleased that many of you participated in our nickname campaign. Thank you very much. Please look forward to our decision on the name in late January.

The manufacturing of the first Quasi-Zenith Satellite (QZS-1) was completed, and various tests on it have been carried out smoothly. In December, a “vibration test” was conducted at the Kamakura Works of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. The vibration test checks if the satellite is strong enough to withstand vibrations at the time of rocket launch. The satellite was placed on a vibration stand to be shaken back and forth, left to right, and up and down. We confirmed that no problem was found in the test.

Photo-1 is the QZS-1 on the test stand. You can see solar array paddles stowed on the left and right sides. A vibration simulator is behind the satellite to swing the satellite back and forth. After the X-axis direction vibration test, the QZS-1 was turned around 90 degrees to perform the Y-axis direction vibration test. Photo-2 shows the satellite positioned for the test in the Z-axis direction.

After the vibration test, the QZS-1 is scheduled to undergo an acoustic test to be ready for the rocket launch noise, a pyro-chock test to withstand separation from a launch vehicle, and a shock simulation for solar array paddle deployment.

不得不说，除了民用科技，日本的航天科技也很发达，真厉害!!!!日本也有了自己的卫星导航系统，恭喜了~~

回复 17# songhuiwd933


    这类卫星导航定位系统都是基于GPS的增强系统。。。。。。类似的各国都有

January 20, 2010 Updated

"MICHIBIKI" chosen as nickname for QZS-1

Some 11,111 people sent us various suggestions for the nickname campaign of the first Quasi-Zenith Satellite (QZS-1) scheduled to be launched in Japan Fiscal Year 2010, and among them, "MICHIBIKI" was selected.

"MICHIBIKI"means "guiding" or "showing the way."

Many people who proposed "MICHIBIKI" explained their selection reason as the QZS-1 is to show us a correct location using its accurate positioning information, and to guide us toward a futuristic society by establishing the next generation satellite positioning technology in Japan. As the name precisely illustrates the QZS mission, this name was chosen.

We held a draw to select one person among all the godparents who recommended "MICHIBIKI" to invite him to the Tanegasima Space Center, and Mr. Hajimu Nishikawa (in his 50s, from Wakayama Prefecture) won the invitation.

首颗日本版ＧＰＳ卫星命名“指路” 号  
2010年01月21日 18:08:44 　来源：新华网  


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    新华网东京１月２１日电日本宇宙航空研究开发机构２０日发布公报说，有日本版ＧＰＳ卫星系统之称的“准天顶卫星系统”预计于今年七八月份开始部署卫星，届时发射的该系统首颗卫星被命名为“指路”号。

　  “准天顶卫星系统”至少由３颗卫星组成，这些卫星在距地面约３．６万公里的圆形轨道上以每天１周的速度运行。与地球同步轨道卫星不同的是它们各自有不同的轨道，并且这３条轨道都与地球赤道所在平面呈４５度夹角，从日本本土来看始终有１颗卫星停留在靠近天空顶点的地方，所以日本称之为“准天顶卫星系统”。

　  宇宙航空研究开发机构说，该机构于２００９年１０月１６日至１２月１６日期间通过互联网和明信片向公众广泛征集首颗准天顶卫星的名称，在收到的１万多个候选名称中，有３２８个为“指路”号。

　  公报说，随着车载导航仪和具有ＧＰＳ定位功能的手机等日益普及，卫星导航定位已成为现代社会不可缺少的服务项目。然而在一些日本城市，由于高楼林立，美国ＧＰＳ卫星的定位精确度时常不佳。在山区一些地方，能收到的ＧＰＳ卫星信号不足，难以定位。准天顶卫星的仰角在６０度以上，能与ＧＰＳ卫星系统配合，可有效减少高楼和大山等障碍物的影响，提供高精度定位服务。